This project has been tested for 10,000 plus miles of service on a 616 motor and proven reliable. So far, it has not been tested in a turbo application, but that conversion is still in the pipeline.
Post 15 is also where I am stashing part numbers needed for the swap(s) depending on application.
This is condensed how to version of this thread-
http://www.superturbodiesel.com/std/617-...-323.html.
The goal of that project was to build a working overdrive transmission constructed out of readily available and reasonably priced MB parts available in North America that bolted to a 617 or 616 diesel engine. Ultimately, this was to address the general top speed and fuel economy limitations that the typical 123 cars have with a 1-1 transmission ratio. In short, I wanted to drive faster and use less fuel doing it.
A little introduction-
If you live in North America, it is next to
impossible to get your hands on a stock overdrive transmission for the 617 turbo and 616 NA in the W123 and W126 chassis, even though they do exist. Choices are limited to ordering from overseas or hunting for very rare parts if you want to find something from MB.
However, Mercedes DID offer their smaller W201 sedans with 5-speeds of various types for sale in the same region, and parts and spares for those models, while not thick on the ground, are fairly easy to find.
The problem is also complicated by the transmission orientation in Mercedes sedans, most using linkage arms with the transmission considerably further forward in the tunnel and further from the shifter than domestic or Asian models. Its fairly simple to move the engine out of the car and mount it to a domestic or Asian gearbox in another application, but those transmissions are more complex to fit in the designed orientation of an existing Mercedes. This can be done, and done extremely well as many have demonstrated, but the hope of the method described in this thread was that it can be relatively simple and not require too much work or excessive cost. If you want to keep your car and gear it up faster or for fuel economy, you're choices are limited to waiting for a lucky break, or building something custom.
Following is a hopefully clear description of how to adapt a W201 tranny that may have been bolted to the 190E or D 1.8, 2.0, 2.3, 2.6, 2.5-16 gas engines, or the 2.2D, 2.5D diesel engines if they all share the same bell pattern, to an OM616 or OM617 application. Surprisingly, given the right skills and resources needed, its actually an easy and simple procedure provided you get a look at the input shaft cover plate on the 5-speed. (ill come to that later). I was able to swap using two cast aluminum housings that shared cover plate features, so I can only assert that its possible with some cast housing models until a greater body of data on the matter has been collected.
For this project, I used a 1984 190E 5-speed, 717.411 designation, and a 1981 240D 4-speed with the designation 716.210. Other potential 190 tranny types that should work are 717.412 and 717.410 designations. When sourcing the 5-speed, make certain that you also grab the shifter and linkage rods for that tranny. The linkage rods can be sourced from the classic center, but the shifter is an assembly of numerous parts, some of which are probably NLA at this point. Without the matching 5-speed shifter, all the work on the tranny is irrelevant.
Most importantly, what makes this swap possible is that the 240 and 190 input shaft cover plates of certain models share the same bolt patterns and distance from the bell housing bolt pattern. This means that certain 4 and 5 speed gearboxes out of different chassis start at the same depth inside the bell and possess identical bolt patterns at that depth. Using a jig constructed to maintain these relationships, it becomes straightforward to swap the ends of the bells.
The important thing to look for is the 6-bolt cover plate inside the 5-speed bell that is the same as the ones below. If its built with one of those, you're in business.
There are three fundamental deal breaking differences between the W201 chassis trannys and W123/W126 chassis trannys.
1- The bell housing bolt pattern
You will have to swap the first 3 inches of the bell with a OM61x pattern. You will need-
A- a welder who can weld cast aluminum
B- To construct a jig for bell welding
2- The input shaft length and spline pattern
This is actually an optional modification depending on how far you want to go. It also depends on whether you are fully sacrificing a 4-speed, or just using it as a bolt pattern template, then putting it back together. If you pull of the front cover of the 4-speed, you should be able to duplicate the plate pattern without disassembling the gearbox. The input shafts share the same pilot bearing part number, but the 190 is shorter and has twice the splines. If you make this change and swap the ends of the input shafts to a OM61x spec part, you will need-
A- An OM61x input shaft out of a 4-speed
B- a machinist who can cut and prepare the shafts
C- A welder who can do the welding
advantages to doing it- you have a transmission in the end that should bolt right in using all stock OM61x clutch parts and present no external swap problems. You will not have to adapt a costly 190 clutch to the OM61x application and deal with a potential input shaft length problem.
disadvantages to doing it- You are creating a potential weak point, however remote, in a surface hardened component, and you are adding some front end cost and machine work which may cost about the same as a 190 clutch. One of the goals on the thread is to ultimately explore both options on different vehicles.
3- The output shaft flange
Easy, I found that the splines for the output flange were identical for both models on the manual transmissions, as well as the important characteristics of the flange. Just swap them and the W123/W126 drive shaft should match.
here are some comparison shots of the 4 and 5 speeds. Notice the input shaft cover plates on both inside the bell. The 5 speed is longer, and the overdrive is located within its own separate compartment from the rest of the gearing on the end of the box.
Heres a closer shot of the input shaft plates with both transmissions broken down. The 190 has an additional fluid provision above the input shaft bore as it uses tapered roller bearing rather than standard bearings-
heres an even clearer comparison, the left side is the 190, the right side the 240-
Procedure-
1- break both gearboxes down fully, or remove the cover plate from the 4-speed and fully break down the 5-speed. (Directions below). The purpose here is to make a bell housing jig. Part of the reason you want to completely break down the 5-speed is that it is way easier to handle for welding, and you can inspect and rebuild at the same time. No sense in going to all this trouble and not regasketing, resealing, or installing needed parts in the donor tranny. The case alone is fairly light and easy to handle. You want to make a jig that duplicates the positioning of the 240 bolt positions, so start with that gearbox for duplicating the pattern. For the jig featured below, I completely took apart the 4-speed, it simplified building the jig. If the 4-speed were to remain together, you would have to add some large holes in the small plate discussed below for the input and countershaft.
Once broken down, its super easy. make a small plate and bolt it to the inner bolt pattern and make a large plate with a large hole in it about a foot in diameter and bolt it to the outer bolt pattern. Weld the two together securely using some angle iron or another stiff steel part. Unbolt. Here is a pic of the jig I constructed-
2- cut the bell housings, I measured back 3 inches from the pattern on both bells, and used a standard hacksaw to make the cut. This is a pic showing both 3 inch thick end pieces. Its important to note that the doner 3 inches came from a bad 4-speed transmission which was completely sacrificed for this project. You should just as easily be able to use 3 inches from a bad auto tranny bell as well-
3- fit the 240 pattern and the 190 case to your jig. The most important thing here is that both pieces do not touch, but are close. If they touch, you might throw off the angle of the jig and cause major problems much later. Its worth grinding down and settling for a larger gap over the possibility of off square-
here is a pic of the 240 pattern being fitted-
This is a pic of bolting the 190 case to the jig after. The purpose of the large hole is so that you can access these bolt locations-
Once the jig is complete built off of the 4-speed, you have several options based on level of difficulty.
Option 1 is to sacrifice the 4-speed tranny and cut it apart to make your OM61x 5-speed. I followed this route since my donor 4-speed was damaged anyway. Loss, one fairly rare 4-speed, but you gain the input shaft mod unless you can source the input shaft itself from someplace like the classic center which is certainly possible. The price on the input shaft alone is in the nature of 500 dollars, which was a dealbreaker for me.
Option 2 is to reassemble the 4-speed, find a busted automatic from a OM61x and cut the bell housing off of that like mentioned above. Loss- one common automatic
Option 3 is to completely fabricate a new bellhousing bolt pattern using new aluminum following the pattern on the jig.
The Jig should allow you to proceed with all options depending on how much work you want to do, or how many transmissions you want to take out of commission
4- prepare the surfaces and weld the case to the bell pattern. Preparation is pretty standard, some casting gussets line up, and some don't. I worked my way around the housing and ground down those that were unneeded, and put a 45 degree on all the others for better weld penetration. Here are a few pics after prep-
Notice that the central spines on the bottom of the housings actually nearly line up despite the off angle of the W201 housing design-
Some after welding pics. I had it welded on both the inside and outside-
You really only have one large gap on the top of the housing. This was resolved by adding a small piece of 1/4 inch aluminum and welding it in-
5- Verify the level of square you have achieved and the roundess of the bearing bores. There is no greater time than now when the housing is broken down to make sure how off the weld is if at all, and of all your tolerances. Its worth it in the long run. More than likely such a long weld will have warped the casting slightly and it will need to be fly cut to match the level of the back of the case again. Also, the welding may have affected the level of roundness of the input and countershaft bores. Both the flycutting and verifying the roundness of the bores are pretty simple machine shop tasks.
6- Modify the input shafts (if you decide on this route) In order to do this, you will need to measure the length of the 240 shaft over the 190 and make sure that this is maintained during the swap. You will need to cut the end off of the 240 and weld it onto the 190. Both shafts are hardened on the outside only. A comparison shot-
notice the general large difference between the two. I chose to make my length measurements off the end of the taper on the bearing side of the shafts-
After cutting the shafts-
The machine shop cut the shafts, drilled down the center point and threaded the 190 bearing side and the 240 spline side. pic-
I had the shaft checked for balanced after cutting, and a 45 cut into it for better weld penetration.
before and after welding-
7- Check the input shaft for true. After the welding its worth taking it back and having it cut down and rechecked for true and balance by the machinist. Again, there is no better time than while you have it apart.
8- Reassemble the transmission. The 5-speed should go back together fairly easily. Here are a few exploded views courtesy of Charmalu. (further directions on this procedure below)-
9- Swap output shaft flanges. This is as simple as just substituting the 240 part for the 190 part during reassembly.
10- You're done with the actual transmission mod. Later in the thread I discuss what is needed as far as linkage and shifter needs based on eventual application. some completed project pics-
Done! you now have a 5-speed transmission that will bolt to your OM617 or OM616. With your sourced linkage rods and shifter, you will now be faced with the standard need to modify driveshaft, linkages, and transmission mounting options, same as a 4-speed swap. Further vehicle mounting information can be found later in the thread as well as more comprehensive info on taking the 5-speed apart.